next up previous contents
Next: Conclusions Up: A Forward Proton Previous: Data Taking Summary

Accelerator Modifications

 

Accelerator modifications consist of moving the quadrupoles closer to the interaction point and inserting the Roman pots into the region of the electrostatic separators.

There are several issues that must be considered before moving the quadrupoles including the effect on Tevatron operation, shielding at DØ, and the method for mechanically supporting the tex2html_wrap_inline3132 quadrupole.

The effects on the lattice are fairly minor and appear to be beneficial. As mentioned earlier, moving the quadrupoles necessitates a few percent change in the gradients in order to properly retune the Tevatron. This is an acceptable change as the gradients remain below the limit of 140 Tesla/meter for a modest two-thirds of a meter shift in the quadrupoles. This change also allows the gradient on the tex2html_wrap_inline4938 quadrupole to be set at an acceptable level, even with 1 TeV operation, which is not the case for the dispersion-free lattice with the quadrupoles in the current position [37].

The technical aspects of moving the magnets and supporting the tex2html_wrap_inline3132 quadrupole must be studied in detail. The location of the quadrupoles will have an impact on the design of the extra shielding that will be implemented in Run II to reduce backgrounds to the muon system. In this context, DØ engineers have studied shielding design with the quadrupoles in the nominal position and moved one meter closer to the interaction region. The studies show that the shielding can be just as effective in either scenario. They also show that supporting the quadrupoles can be done while maintaining or even improving the current deflection of the quadrupole without a major redesign. This can be accomplished by reinforcing and lengthening the shelf that extends off the main girder that currently supports the quadrupole. A final study and cost estimate should be prepared by the Beams Division engineers, but preliminary results are promising.

The modifications to the separator bypass also require a detailed Beams Division engineering study. It does not seem to be a problem to add the pots as long as a sufficient vacuum is maintained. To this end we plan to have vacuum valves on either end of the pots as shown earlier in Fig. 9, so that the separator vacuum and cleanliness are not compromised by the installation of the pots. It would also be easy to remove a station during a short access (and replace it with a spare or a standard section of beam pipe) in the unlikely event of some problem with the pots.


next up previous contents
Next: Conclusions Up: A Forward Proton Previous: Data Taking Summary

Gilvan Alves
Tue Mar 17 12:50:26 GRNLNDST 1998